Pro$ is expressed as an animal’s average daughter profit deviated from the national average daughter profit. With each Pro$ update and new economic values, daughter profits will change to some extent, resulting in changes in published Pro$ values. Combined with the April 2024 genetic base update, the top 100 proven Pro$ sires from December see their Pro$ decrease by an average of 293, 645, and 479 dollars for the Ayrshire, Holstein, and Jersey breeds, respectively.

 The table below provides some key statistics related to the cows with actual profit data used to develop the Pro$ formula in each breed for 2024. Changes in the pricing of milk and its components affect each cow’s revenue and other economic values, including feed and maintenance costs, affect expenses for lactating and dry cows as well as the rearing costs to first lactation.  To reflect a measure of lifetime profitability, the Pro$ calculations consider each cow’s revenue and expenses accumulated to 6 years of age or disposal if removed from the herd earlier.